Descrição
The composition and the forms of the relief are factors that contribute in the determination of the occurrence and the types of vegetation of a certain place. The association of vegetation with certain environments due to the sunshine received, water availability, among others, are directly related to the configuration of the relief of an area. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the relations between the configuration of the relief and the distribution of the native forest vegetation in the Serra do Caverá, in the southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul. The relief classification of the study area was based on the Geomorphons, from the DEM generated through the SRTM data, obtaining ten elements. After the vegetation mapping was carried out based on the interpretation of images of the satellite LANDSAT 8 OLI, the information was cross-referenced in a GIS environment, with ArcGis 10.3 software, ArcMap tool, also by calculating the frequency ratio (Fr). The highest correlation observed was with the valleys and flat areas (42.52%), followed by vegetation on hillsides, slope bases and excavated reliefs, which together added up to 40.85% of the total forest vegetation in the study area.||As formas e a composição do relevo são fatores que contribuem na determinação da ocorrência e dos tipos de vegetação de determinado local. A associação da vegetação com determinados ambientes, em função da insolação recebida, da disponibilidade hídrica, entre outros fatores, está diretamente relacionada à configuração do relevo de uma área. Este trabalho busca demonstrar a relação existente entre a configuração do relevo e a distribuição da vegetação florestal nativa na Serra do Caverá, na região sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul. A classificação do relevo da área de estudo foi realizada com base nos Geomorphons, a partir do MDE oriundo dos dados SRTM, obtendo-se dez elementos de relevo. Após o mapeamento da vegetação, realizado com base na interpretação de imagens do satélite LANDSAT 8 OLI, foi realizado o cruzamento das informações em ambiente SIG, com o software ArcGis 10.3, ferramenta ArcMap, e também através do cálculo da razão de frequência (Fr). A maior correlação observada foi com os elementos vales e áreas planas (42,52%), seguida da vegetação ocorrente em encostas, bases de encostas e relevos escavados, que juntos somaram 40,85% do total da vegetação florestal da área de estudo.
Abstract
RELIEF CLASSIFICATION BASED ON THE ELEMENTS OF GEOMORPHONS AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH NATIVE FOREST VEGETATION IN THE SERRA DO CAVERÁ - SOUTHWEST OF RS, BRAZIL
The composition and the forms of the relief are factors that contribute in the determination of the occurrence and the types of vegetation of a certain place. The association of vegetation with certain environments due to the sunshine received, water availability, among others, are directly related to the configuration of the relief of an area. The objective of this work is to demonstrate the relations between the configuration of the relief and the distribution of the native forest vegetation in the Serra do Caverá, in the southwest region of Rio Grande do Sul. The relief classification of the study area was based on the Geomorphons, from the DEM generated through the SRTM data, obtaining ten elements. After the vegetation mapping was carried out based on the interpretation of images of the satellite LANDSAT 8 OLI, the information was cross-referenced in a GIS environment, with ArcGis 10.3 software, ArcMap tool, also by calculating the frequency ratio (Fr). The highest correlation observed was with the valleys and flat areas (42.52%), followed by vegetation on hillsides, slope bases and excavated reliefs, which together added up to 40.85% of the total forest vegetation in the study area.
