Descrição
Resumo: Este artigo visa apresentar os principais apontamentos teóricos e históricos fundamentais para a consolidação do movimento social por justiça ambiental, do fortalecimento da discussão sobre injustiça ambiental e, sobretudo, do racismo ambiental no campo acadêmico brasileiro, principalmente na Geografia. O debate acerca dos processos de promoção da Injustiça Ambiental e do Racismo Ambiental tem se internacionalizado com o advento das situações de desigualdades socioambientais em diversas partes do mundo, especialmente no Brasil. Objetiva-se, assim, discutir e desenvolver o conceito de racismo ambiental no contexto brasileiro a partir da existência de injustiças ambientais apresentadas por teóricos que dialogam sobre as relações entre ambiente, produção do espaço, sociedade e temática racial. A temática do racismo ambiental coloca em evidência a existência do racismo no país que se manifesta de forma peculiar e sofisticada. Ainda que o racismo e as questões raciais não sejam a base de análise de todas as situações em que se identifica a ocorrência de injustiça ambiental, há aquelas que serão incompreensíveis sem a sua consideração. Portanto, apresentar elementos que evidenciam como as injustiças se dão através da apropriação da elite sobre o território e os recursos naturais, na acumulação de consequências positivas desfrutados do meio ambiente e, ainda, na exposição desproporcional da população às consequências socioambientais negativas proporcionadas pelo desenvolvimento, é o desafio de uma ciência geográfica comprometida com a justiça social e o ambiente.
Palavras-chave: Justiça ambiental. Conflito ambiental. Racismo ambiental
The contribution of the movement for environmental justice in the fight against environmental racism: theoretical notes
Abstract: This article seeks to present the theoretical and historical features that are fundamental for the consolidation of the social movement by environmental justice, the strengthening of the debate on environmental injustice and, above all, environmental racism, not a Brazilian academic field, mainly in Geography. The debate about two processes of promotion of Environmental Justice and Environmental Racism has been internationalized as a result of situations of socio-environmental inequalities in various parts of the world, especially in Brazil. The objective is to discuss and develop the concept of environmental racism in the Brazilian context from the existence of environmental injustices presented by theorists who dialogue about the relations between environment, space production, society and racial theme. The objective of this paper is to discuss and develop the concept of environmental racism in the Brazilian context from the existence of environmental injustices presented by scholars who dialogue about the relations between environment, space production, society and racial theme. The theme of environmental racism highlights the existence of racism that manifests itself in a peculiar and sophisticated way in the country. While racism and racial issues are not the basis for analysis of all situations in which environmental injustice is identified, there are those that will be incomprehensible without their consideration. Therefore, presenting elements that show how injustices occur through the appropriation by the elite of the territory and natural resources and the accumulation of positive consequences enjoyed from this appropriation. The challenge of a geographical science committed to social justice and the environment is to consider the disproportionate exposure of the population to the negative social and environmental consequences of development.
Key words: Environmental justice. Environmental conflict. Environmental racism.
La contribution du mouvement par la justice environnementale contre le racisme environnemental : des notes théoriques
Résumé: Cet article présente les principales notes théoriques et historiques fondamentales pour la consolidation du mouvement social pour la justice environnementale, le renforcement de la discussion sur l’injustice environnementale et, surtout, le racisme environnemental dans l’université brésilienne at dans la Géographie. Le débat sur des processus pour la promotion de la justice environnementale et du racisme environnemental est devenue international avec des situations des inégalités socio-environnementales en différentes parties du monde, particulièrement au Brésil. On a pour objectif de discuter et développer le concept de racisme environnemental dans la réalité brésilienne avec l’existence des injustices environnementales présentées par des théoriques qui écrivent sur les relations entre l’environnement, la production de l’espace, la société et la thématique raciale. Le thème du racisme environnemental met en évidence l’existence du racisme au pays de manière subtile et sophistiqué. Ainsi que le racisme et les questions raciales ne sont pas le fondement de l’analyse des situations de l’injustice sociale, on n’est pas possible lui négliger. Donc, on présenter des éléments qui montrent comme les injustices sont par l’appropriation de l’élite économique sur le territoire et les ressources naturelles, dans l’accumulation des conséquences positives à l’environnement et, encore, dans l’exposition disproportionné de la population aux conséquences socio-environnementales négatives de développement, est le défi d’une science géographique engagé avec la justice sociale et l’environnement.
Mots-clé: Justice environnementale . Conflit environnemental. Racisme environnemental.
