Descrição
O texto compara o uso da força pela polícia e pelas forças armadas, levando em conta cinco dimensões fundamentais: poder de fogo, contexto de intervenção, ethos, regulamentação e prestação de contas. O artigo propõe uma tipologia das organizações policiais e militares, que inclui dois tipos puros e dois tipos híbridos: por um lado, a polícia e as forças armadas (tipos puros) e, por outro, a polícia militar (ou militarizada) e as missões internacionais de paz das Nações Unidas (tipos híbridos). PALAVRAS CHAVE: polícia, forças armadas, força, ethos, prestação de contas. TOWARDS A SOCIOLOGY OF PUBLIC FORCE: observations on the use of police force The use of force by the police and the military is contrasted on five dimensions: firepower, context of intervention, ethos, regulation and accountability. The paper offers also a tentative two by two typology of police and military organizations, that allows for hybrid types: the four types are: the police (single variant), the army (single variant), the military police (hybrid variant: a militarized police organization) and the peacekeeping forces of the United Nations (hybrid variant: a military organization with a policing mandate). KEY WORDS: police, military, force, ethos, accountability. A PROPOS D’UNE SOCIOLOGIE DES FORCES PUBLIQUES: observations de l’utilisation des forces de police Prenant en considération cinq éléments considérés fondamentaux, ce texte fait la comparaison entre la police et les forces armées: pouvoir des armes, contexte d’intervention, ethos, réglementation et prestation de comptes. L’article propose une typologie des organisations policières et militaires qui inclue deux types purs et deux types hybrides, d’une part la police et les forces armées (types purs) et d’autre part la police militaire (ou militarisée) et les missions internationales de paix des Nations-Unies (types hybrides). MOTS-CLÉS: police, forces armées, force, ethos, prestation de comptes. Publicação Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br
